TensesLanjutan

Past Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous menggambarkan tindakan yang telah berlangsung selama periode waktu sebelum tindakan atau momen lain di masa lalu. Dibentuk dengan had been + verba-ing. Menekankan durasi tindakan berlangsung sebelumnya.

KAPAN DIGUNAKAN

Gunakan saat Anda ingin menekankan berapa lama suatu tindakan telah berlangsung hingga titik tertentu di masa lalu. Juga digunakan untuk menjelaskan penyebab situasi masa lalu.

STRUKTUR

positiveS + had been + V-ing

She had been studying for three hours before the exam.

Dia **telah sedang belajar** selama tiga jam sebelum ujian.

negativeS + hadn't been + V-ing

They hadn't been waiting long when the bus arrived.

Mereka **belum sedang menunggu** lama saat bus tiba.

questionHad + S + been + V-ing?

Had you been working there long before you quit?

Apakah kamu **telah sedang bekerja** di sana lama sebelum berhenti?

KATA KUNCI

for
since
before
until
all day
how long

CONTOH

He had been driving for six hours when he finally stopped.

Dia **telah sedang mengemudi** selama enam jam ketika akhirnya berhenti.

I had been waiting for an hour before she arrived.

Saya **telah sedang menunggu** selama satu jam sebelum dia datang.

They were exhausted because they had been running.

Mereka kelelahan karena **telah sedang berlari**.

She had been learning French for years before she moved to Paris.

Dia **telah sedang belajar** bahasa Prancis bertahun-tahun sebelum pindah ke Paris.

Had it been raining when you left?

Apakah hujan **sedang turun** saat kamu pergi?

ATURAN EJAAN (HE/SHE/IT)

Sebagian besar kata kerja	tambahkan -ing	wait → waiting, run → running
Berakhiran -e bisu	hapus -e, tambahkan -ing	drive → driving, write → writing
Kata kerja pendek berakhiran konsonan-vokal-konsonan	gandakan konsonan akhir + -ing	sit → sitting, swim → swimming

KESALAHAN UMUM

I had waited for an hour before she arrived.

I had been waiting for an hour before she arrived.

Untuk menekankan durasi tindakan yang sedang berlangsung sebelum momen masa lalu, gunakan past perfect continuous (had been + V-ing), bukan past perfect (had + V3).

She had been knowing him for years before they married.

She had known him for years before they married.

Verba statif tidak menggunakan bentuk continuous — gunakan past perfect sebagai gantinya.

Tips

Pikirkan sebagai "masa-lalu-dari-masa-lalu-dengan-durasi". Jika past perfect (had done) = "sebelum itu", maka past perfect continuous (had been doing) = "telah melakukannya selama beberapa waktu sebelum itu". Bagian continuous = durasi.