Estuktura ng PangungusapPangmataas

Ikatlong Kondisyunal

Third Conditional

Ang ikatlong kondisyunal ay naglalarawan ng haka-hakang sitwasyon sa nakaraan — mga bagay na hindi nangyari, at nag-iimagine ng ibang kalalabasan. Nagpapahayag ng pagsisisi, kritisismo, o ginhawa tungkol sa mga nakaraang pangyayari. Ang istraktura ay: If + past perfect, would have + past participle.

KAILAN GAMITIN

Gamitin upang pag-usapan ang mga nakaraang sitwasyon na HINDI nangyari, at imaginin kung ANO SANA ang naging resulta. Karaniwang ginagamit upang magpahayag ng pagsisisi, pagpuna sa mga nakaraang aksyon, o pag-imagine ng mga alternatibong kalalabasan.

ESTRUKTURA

positiveIf + past perfect, would have + past participle

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

**Kung** mas **nag-aral ako** nang mabuti, **nakapasa sana ako** sa pagsusulit.

negativeIf + past perfect, wouldn't have + past participle

If they had taken a taxi, they wouldn't have missed the flight.

**Kung** sumakay sila **ng** taxi, **hindi sana sila nakamiss** sa flight.

questionWould S + have + past participle + if + past perfect?

Would she have called you if she had known your number?

**Tatawagan ka kaya niya** **kung** **alam niya** ang numero mo?

MGA SALITANG PALATANDAAN

if
would have
could have
might have
had (done)

MGA HALIMBAWA

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

**Kung** mas **nag-aral ako** nang mabuti, **nakapasa sana ako** sa pagsusulit.

She would have called you if she had known your number.

**Tatawagan ka sana niya** **kung** **alam niya** ang numero mo.

If they had taken a taxi, they wouldn't have missed the flight.

**Kung** sumakay sila **ng** taxi, **hindi sana sila nakamiss** sa flight.

I would have helped you if you had asked me.

**Tutulungan kita sana** **kung** **hiniling mo sa akin**.

He might have got the job if he had arrived on time.

Maaaring **nakuha niya** ang trabaho **kung** **dumating siya** nang nasa oras.

MGA KARANIWANG PAGKAKAMALI

If I would have studied harder, I would have passed.

If I had studied harder, I would have passed.

Sa if-clause, gamitin ang perpektong nakaraan (had + past participle) — HINDI 'would have'.

She would have pass the exam if she had studied.

She would have passed the exam if she had studied.

Pagkatapos ng 'would have', gamitin ang anyo ng past participle (passed, hindi pass).

Tip

Ikatlong kondisyunal = pagsisisi o pag-imagine ng nakaraan nang iba. Parehong bahagi ay nasa nakaraan: If + HAD done (past perfect) → WOULD HAVE done (nakaraang resulta). Walang maaaring magbago — lahat ay haka-haka!