情态动词 (can, could, must)
Modal Verbs (can, could, must)
情态动词是表达能力、许可、义务或可能性的助动词。"Can" 表示现在的能力或许可。"Could" 表示过去的能力或礼貌请求。"Must" 表示强烈的义务或逻辑上的肯定。情态动词之后始终跟动词的原形。
何时使用
"Can" 用于现在的能力或许可。"Could" 用于过去的能力、礼貌请求或可能性。"Must" 用于强烈的义务(来自说话者)或逻辑推断。"Should" 用于建议或推荐。
结构
S + modal verb + base verb (no 'to')She can speak four languages.
她**会说**四种语言。
S + modal + not + base verbYou must not park here.
你**不得在**这里**停车**。
Modal + S + base verb?Could you pass the salt, please?
麻烦你**能把**盐**递给**我吗?
信号词
- can
- could
- must
- should
- may
- might
- will
- would
- shall
- need to
例句
She can speak four languages fluently.
她**会**四种语言,说得很流利。
Could you please pass the salt?
麻烦你**能把**盐**递给**我吗?
You must wear a seatbelt in the car.
你在车里**必须系**安全带。
You should see a doctor about that cough.
你那咳嗽**应该去看**医生。
He might be late — the traffic is terrible.
他**可能会迟到** —— 交通糟透了。
常见错误
She can to speak English.
She can speak English.
情态动词后面跟动词原形,不加 "to"
He musts leave now.
He must leave now.
情态动词对 he/she/it 从来不加 -s/-es
提示
情态动词有两条特殊规则:1)he/she/it 后面永远不加 -s(she can,不是 she cans)。2)总是跟动词原形,不用 "to + 动词"(you must go,不是 you must to go)。